Huave
Nouns table
| gloss | layer | 1 sg | 2 sg | 3 sg | 1 inc du | 1 ex pl | 2 pl | 3 pl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| daughterinlaw | lexeme | sapuy | ipuy | upuy | upuyior | sapuyion | ipuyion | upuyiuf |
| daughterinlaw | prefix | sa | i | u | u | sa | i | u |
| daughterinlaw | suffix | zero | zero | zero | ior | ion | ion | iuf |
| foot | lexeme | xilyej | ilyej | ulyej | ulyejar | xilyejan | ilyejan | ulyejaw |
| foot | prefix | xi | i | u | u | xi | i | u |
| foot | suffix | zero | zero | zero | ar | an | an | aw |
| shoulder | lexeme | xapek | mipek | mipek | mipekiar | xapekan | mipekian | mipekiaf |
| shoulder | prefix | xa | mi | mi | mi | xa | mi | mi |
| shoulder | suffix | zero | zero | zero | iar | an | ian | iaf |
Verbs table
| gloss | layer | atemporal 1 sg | atemporal 2 sg | atemporal 3 sg | atemporal 1 incl du | atemporal 1 pl | atemporal 2 pl | atemporal 3 pl | subordinate 1 sg | subordinate 2 sg | subordinate 3 sg | subordinate 1 incl du | subordinate 1 pl | subordinate 2 pl | subordinate 3 pl | cpl 1 sg | cpl 2 sg | cpl 3 sg | cpl 1 incl du | cpl 1 pl | cpl 2 pl | cpl 3 pl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| want (prefixing a theme) | lexeme | sandiom | indiom | andiom | andiomar | sandioman | indioman | andiomaf | ||||||||||||||
| want (prefixing a theme) | prefix | sa | i | a | a | sa | i | a | na | me | ma | ma | na | me | ma | ta | te | ta | ta | ta | te | ta |
| want (prefixing a theme) | suffix | zero | zero | zero | r | n | n | f | zero | zero | zero | r | n | n | f | s | zero | zero | r | sn | n | f |
| eat (prefixing u theme) | lexeme | ñuty | meruty | muty | mutior | ñution | merution | mutiuf | tyutius | teruty | tyuty | tyutior | tyutisan | terution | tyutiuf | |||||||
| eat (prefixing u theme) | prefix | sa | eru | a | a | sa | eru | a | ñu | meru | mu | mu | ñu | meru | mu | tyu | teru | tyu | tyu | tyu | teru | tyu |
| eat (prefixing u theme) | suffix | zero | zero | zero | r | n | n | f | zero | zero | zero | r | n | n | f | s | zero | zero | r | sn | n | f |
| rise(suffixing variant a) | lexeme | witious | iwitior | witiow | witiour | witiousun | iwitiorun | witiouj | ||||||||||||||
| rise(suffixing variant a) | prefix | zero | i | zero | zero | zero | i | zero | zero | me | zero | zero | zero | me | zero | zero | te | zero | zero | zero | te | zero |
| rise(suffixing variant a) | suffix | s | r | w | r | sun | run | j | n | r | m | mur | nun | run | muj | tus | r | t | tur | tusn | run | tuj |
| rise(suffixing variant a) | lexeme | |||||||||||||||||||||
| rise(suffixing variant a) | prefix | zero | i | zero | zero | zero | i | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | te | zero | zero | zero | te | zero |
| rise(suffixing variant a) | suffix | s | r | w | r | sun | run | j | n | miar | m | mur | nun | merun | muj | tus | r | t | tur | tusn | run | tuj |
Huave notes
Nouns
'Shoulder' represents the productive pattern; the other nouns represent small, closed classes.
Verbs
- Major division between prefixing and suffixing verbs. Kim (2008: 247) states that suffixing verbs are mostly unaccusative intransitives, prefixing verbs the remainder. Within the prefixing class, a- theme verbs are typically transitives and u-theme verbs typically intransitives. But Kim points out that the semantic characterization of the classes is rough, and that class memebership must be considered as lexically specified.
- Most other verb forms involve transparent prefixation, clitics or particles added to the forms already presented here.
- The status of the 1st person inclusive plural is unclear. Kim (2008: 249) reports that in elicitation work, the speaker variously gave 1st person exclusive plural or 1st person inclusive dual forms to agree with a 1st person inclusive plural pronoun. In the section on verbs, forms are not given for the 1st person inclusive plural.
- It is not clear what conditions the variation in 2nd person forms in the suffixing verbs (variants 'a' and 'b').
Phonological notes
Where sequences of consonants are given in the tables, these are construed as having epenthetic vowels of predictable quality intervening between them.
References
Kim, Yuni. 2008. Topics in the phonology and morphology of San Francisco del Mar Huave. PhD thesis, UC Berkeley.