Acazulco Otomi
Verbs table
| gloss | layer | real basic cpl 1 | real basic cpl 2 | real basic cpl 3 | real basic icp 1 | real basic icp 2 | real basic icp 3 | real basic hab 1 | real basic hab 2 | real basic hab 3 | real basic prospective 1 | real basic prospective 2 | real basic prospective 3 | irr basic cpl 1 | irr basic cpl 2 | irr basic cpl 3 | irr basic icp 1 | irr basic icp 2 | irr basic icp 3 | irr basic hab 1 | irr basic hab 2 | irr basic hab 3 | real extraloc cpl 1 | real extraloc cpl 2 | real extraloc cpl 3 | irr extraloc cpl 1 | irr extraloc cpl 2 | irr extraloc cpl 3 | real cisloc hab 1 | real cisloc hab 2 | real cisloc hab 3 | irr cisloc hab 1 | irr cisloc hab 2 | irr cisloc hab 3 | real transloc cpl 1 | real transloc cpl 2 | real transloc cpl 3 | real transloc icp 1 | real transloc icp 2 | real transloc icp 3 | irr transloc cpl 1 | irr trl cpl 2 | irr trl cpl 3 | irr trl icp 1 | irr trl icp 2 | irr trl icp 3 | real m cpl 1 | real m cpl 2 | real m cpl 3 | real m icp 1 | real m icp 2 | real m icp 3 | irr m cpl 1 | irr m cpl 2 | irr m cpl 3 | real adv cpl 1 | real adv cpl 2 | real adv cpl 3 | real adv icp 1 | real adv icp 2 | real adv icp 3 | irr adv cpl 1 | irr adv cpl 2 | irr adv cpl 3 | real loc icp 1 | real loc icp 2 | real loc icp 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| see | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| see | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| see | lexeme | dí nǘga | gí nǜ | bi nǘ | drá nǘga | grá nǘ | ra nǘ | dádí nǘga | gádí nǜ | an nǜ | xtá nǘga | xtágí nǜ | xta nǘ | gụ nǘga | gi nǘ | da nǘ | gra nǘga | gra nǘ | dra nǘ | gadi nǘga | gadi nǜ | dan nǜ | dú nǘga | gú nǘ | bú nǘ | gu nǘga | gu nǘ | du nǘ | dádí nǘga | gwádí nǜ | ba nǘ | gwadi nǘga | gwadi nǘ | da nǘ | dín nǘga | gín nǘ | ín nǘ | dár nǘga | gár nǘ | ar nǘ | gín nǘga | gín nǘ | dín nǘ | gar nǘga | gar nǘ | dar nǘ | dá nǜga | gí nǜ | í nǘ | drá nǜga | grí nǜ | rí nǘ | dá nǜga | dí nǜ | dí nǘ | dá nǜga | gí nǜ | gá nǘ | dra nǜga | grụ nǜ | ga nǘ | dá nǜga | dí nǜ | ká nǘ | dí nǘga | gí nǘ | bí nǘ |
| see | stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| sit | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| sit | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| sit | lexeme | dí mḯhka | gí mḯha | bi mḯha | drá mḯhka | grá mḯha | ra mḯha | dán mï̀hka | gán mï̀ha | an mï̀ha | xtá mḯhka | xtágí mḯha | xta mḯha | gụ mḯhka | gi mḯha | da mḯha | gra mḯhka | gra mḯha | dra mḯha | gan mï̀hka | gan mï̀ha | dan mï̀ha | dú mḯhka | gú mḯha | bú mḯha | gu mḯhka | gu mḯha | du mḯha | dá mḯhka | gwá mḯha | ba mḯha | gwa mḯhka | gwa mḯha | da mḯha | dín mḯhka | gín mḯha | ín mḯha | dár mï̀hka | gár mï̀ha | ar mï̀ha | gín mḯhka | gín mḯha | dín mḯha | gar mï̀hka | gar mï̀ha | dar mï̀ha | dá mï̀hka | gí mï̀ha | í mḯha | drá mï̀hka | grí mï̀ha | rí mḯha | dá mï̀hka | dí mï̀ha | dí mḯha | dá mï̀hka | gí mï̀ha | gá mḯha | dra mï̀hka | grụ mï̀ha | ga mḯha | dá mï̀hka | dí mï̀ha | ká mḯha | dí mï̀hka | gí mï̀ha | bí mï̀ha |
| sit | stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| go down | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| go down | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| go down | lexeme | dí kö̌hka | gí kö̌ha | bi gö̌ha | drá kö̌hka | grá kö̌ha | ra kö̌ha | dán kö̀hka | gán kö̀ha | an kö̀ha | xtá kö̌hka | xtágí kö̌ha | xta gö̌ha | gụ kö̌hka | gi kö̌ha | da gö̌ha | gra kö̌hka | gra kö̌ha | dra kö̌ha | gan kö̀hka | gan kö̀ha | dan kö̀ha | dú kö̌hka | gú kö̌ha | bú kö̌ha | gu kö̌hka | gu kö̌ha | du kö̌ha | dá kö̌hka | gwá kö̌ha | ba kö̌ha | gwa kö̌hka | gwa kö̌ha | da kö̌ha | dín kö̌hka | gín kö̌ha | ín kö̌ha | dár kö̀hka | gár kö̀ha | ar kö̀ha | gín kö̌hka | gín kö̌ha | dín kö̌ha | gar kö̀hka | gar kö̀ha | dar kö̀ha | dá kö̀hka | gí kö̀ha | í gö̌ha | drá kö̀hka | grí kö̀ha | rí gö̌ha | dá kö̀hka | dí kö̀ha | dí gö̌ha | dá kö̀hka | gí kö̀ha | gá ngö̌ha | dra kö̀hka | grụ kö̀ha | ga ngö̌ha | dá kö̀hka | dí kö̀ha | ká ngö̌ha | dí kö̀hka | gí kö̀ha | bí kö̀ha |
| go down | stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| eat | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| eat | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| eat | lexeme | dí tsǐga | gí tsì | bi zǐ | drá tsǐga | grá tsǐ | ra tsǐ | dádí tsǐga | gádí tsì | an zì | xtá tsǐga | xtágí tsì | xta zǐ | gụ tsǐga | gi tsǐ | da zǐ | gra tsǐga | gra tsǐ | dra tsǐ | gadi tsǐga | gadi tsì | dan zì | dú tsǐga | gú tsǐ | bú tsǐ | gu tsǐga | gu tsǐ | du tsǐ | dádí tsǐga | gwádí tsì | ba zǐ | gwadi tsǐga | gwadi tsì | da zǐ | dín tsǐga | gín tsì | ín zǐ | dár tsǐga | gár tsǐ | ar tsǐ | gín tsǐga | gín tsì | dín zǐ | gar tsǐga | gar tsǐ | dar tsǐ | dá tsìga | gí tsì | í zǐ | drá tsìga | grí tsì | rí zǐ | dá tsìga | dí tsì | dí zǐ | dá tsìga | gí tsì | gá nzǐ | dra tsìga | grụ tsì | ga nzǐ | dá tsìga | dí tsì | ká nzǐ | dí tsǐga | gí tsǐ | bí tsǐ |
| eat | stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #lenis stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| sell | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| sell | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| sell | lexeme | dí pạ̌ga | gí pạ̀ | bi mbạ̌ | drá pạ̌ga | grá pạ̌ | ra pạ̌ | dádí pạ̌ga | gádí pạ̀ | an mbạ̀ | xtá pạ̌ga | xtágí pạ̀ | xta mbạ̌ | gụ pạ̌ga | gi pạ̌ | da mbạ̌ | gra pạ̌ga | gra pạ̌ | dra pạ̌ | gadi pạ̌ga | gadi pạ̀ | dan mbạ̀ | dú pạ̌ga | gú pạ̌ | bú pạ̌ | gu pạ̌ga | gu pạ̌ | du pạ̌ | dádí pạ̌ga | gwádí pạ̀ | ba mbạ̌ | gwadi pạ̌ga | gwadi pạ̀ | da mbạ̌ | dín pạ̌ga | gín pạ̀ | ín mbạ̌ | dár pạ̌ga | gár pạ̌ | ar pạ̌ | gín pạ̌ga | gín pạ̀ | dín mbạ̌ | gar pạ̌ga | gar pạ̌ | dar pạ̌ | dá pạ̀ga | gí pạ̀ | í mbạ̌ | drá pạ̀ga | grí pạ̀ | rí mbạ̌ | dá pạ̀ga | dí pạ̀ | dí mbạ̌ | dá pạ̀ga | gí pạ̀ | gá mbạ̀ | dra pạ̀ga | grụ pạ̀ | ga mbạ̀ | dá pạ̀ga | dí pạ̀ | ká mbạ̀ | dí pạ̌ga | gí pạ̌ | bí pạ̌ |
| sell | stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| begin | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| begin | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| begin | lexeme | dí phụ̀hka | gí phụ̀ha | bi mbụ̀ha | drá phụ̀hka | grá phụ̀ha | ra phụ̀ha | dán phụ̀hka | gán phụ̀ha | an phụ̀ha | xtá phụ̀hka | xtágí phụ̀ha | xta mbụ̀ha | gụ phụ̀hka | gi phụ̀ha | da mbụ̀ha | gra phụ̀hka | gra phụ̀ha | dra phụ̀ha | gan phụ̀hka | gan phụ̀ha | dan phụ̀ha | dú phụ̀hka | gú phụ̀ha | bú phụ̀ha | gu phụ̀hka | gu phụ̀ha | du phụ̀ha | dá phụ̀hka | gwá phụ̀ha | ba phụ̀ha | gwa phụ̀hka | gwa phụ̀ha | da phụ̀ha | dín phụ̀hka | gín phụ̀ha | ín phụ̀ha | dár phụ̀hka | gár phụ̀ha | ar phụ̀ha | gín phụ̀hka | gín phụ̀ha | dín phụ̀ha | gar phụ̀hka | gar phụ̀ha | dar phụ̀ha | dá phụ̀hka | gí phụ̀ha | í mbụ̀ha | drá phụ̀hka | grí phụ̀ha | rí mbụ̀ha | dá phụ̀hka | dí phụ̀ha | dí mbụ̀ha | dá phụ̀hka | gí phụ̀ha | gá mbụ̀ha | dra phụ̀hka | grụ phụ̀ha | ga mbụ̀ha | dá phụ̀hka | dí phụ̀ha | ká mbụ̀ha | dí phụ̀hka | gí phụ̀ha | bí phụ̀ha |
| begin | stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| put | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| put | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| put | lexeme | dí ’ë̌hka | gí ’yë̀ha | bi ’yë̌ha | drá ’ë̌hka | grá ’ë̌ha | ra ’ë̌ha | dádí ’ë̌hka | gádí ’yë̀ha | an ’yë̀ha | xtá ’ë̌hka | xtágí ’yë̀ha | xta ’yë̌ha | gụ ’ë̌hka | gi ’yë̌ha | da ’yë̌ha | gra ’ë̌hka | gra ’ë̌ha | dra ’ë̌ha | gadi ’ë̌hka | gadi ’yë̀ha | dan ’yë̀ha | dú ’ë̌hka | gú ’ë̌ha | bú ’ë̌ha | gu ’ë̌hka | gu ’ë̌ha | du ’ë̌ha | dádí ’ë̌hka | gwádí ’yë̀ha | ba ’yë̌ha | gwadi ’ë̌hka | gwadi ’yë̀ha | da ’yë̌ha | dín ’ë̌hka | gín ’yë̀ha | ín ’yë̌ha | dár ’ë̌hka | gár ’ë̌ha | ar ’ë̌ha | gín ’ë̌hka | gín ’yë̀ha | dín ’yë̌ha | gar ’ë̌hka | gar ’ë̌ha | dar ’ë̌ha | dá ’ë̀hka | gí ’yë̀ha | í ’yë̌ha | drá ’ë̀hka | grí ’yë̀ha | rí ’yë̌ha | dá ’ë̀hka | dí ’yë̀ha | dí ’yë̌ha | dá ’ë̀hka | gí ’yë̀ha | gá ’yë̌ha | dra ’ë̀hka | grụ ’yë̀ha | ga ’yë̌ha | dá ’ë̀hka | dí ’yë̀ha | ká ’yë̌ha | dí ’ë̌hka | gí ’ë̌ha | bí ’ë̌ha |
| put | stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| lie down | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xta | gụ | gi | da | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | ga | dra | grụ | ga | da | di | ka | di | gi | bi |
| lie down | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| lie down | lexeme | dí ’ǒhka | gí ’yǒha | bi ’yǒha | drá ’ǒhka | grá ’ǒha | ra ’ǒha | dán ’òhka | gán ’òha | an ’òha | xtá ’ǒhka | xtágí ’yǒha | xta ’yǒha | gụ ’ǒhka | gi ’yǒha | da ’yǒha | gra ’ǒhka | gra ’ǒha | dra ’ǒha | gan ’òhka | gan ’òha | dan ’òha | dú ’òhka | gú ’òha | bú ’òha | gu ’òhka | gu ’òha | du ’òha | dá ’òhka | gwá ’òha | ba ’òha | gwa ’òhka | gwa ’òha | da ’òha | dín ’òhka | gín ’òha | ín ’òha | dár ’òhka | gár ’òha | ar ’òha | gín ’òhka | gín ’òha | dín ’òha | gar ’òhka | gar ’òha | dar ’òha | dá ’òhka | gí ’yòha | í ’yǒha | drá ’òhka | grí ’yòha | rí ’yǒha | dá ’òhka | dí ’yòha | dí ’yǒha | dá ’òhka | gí ’yòha | gá ’yǒha | dra ’òhka | grụ ’yòha | ga ’yǒha | dá ’òhka | dí ’yòha | ká ’yǒha | dí ’òhka | gí ’òha | bí ’òha |
| lie down | stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #palatal stem | #palatal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| sleep | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xtagi | gi-di | gi-di | di | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | ga | a | dra | gra | ra | da | da | da | da | ga | ga | dra | gra | ga | da | da | ka | di | gi | bi |
| sleep | prefix 2 | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| sleep | lexeme | dídí ’ö̌hka | gídí ’ö̌ha | bi ’ö̌ha | drá ’ö̌hka | grá ’ö̌ha | ra ’ö̌ha | dán ’ö̀hka | gán ’ö̀ha | an ’ö̀ha | xtá ’ö̌hka | xtágí ’ö̌ha | xtagi ’ö̌ha | gidi ’ö̌hka | gidi ’ö̌ha | di ’ö̌ha | gra ’ö̌hka | gra ’ö̌ha | dra ’ö̌ha | gan ’ö̀hka | gan ’ö̀ha | dan ’ö̀ha | dú ’ö̌hka | gú ’ö̌ha | bú ’ö̌ha | gu ’ö̌hka | gu ’ö̌ha | du ’ö̌ha | dá ’ö̌hka | gwá ’ö̌ha | ba ’ö̌ha | gwa ’ö̌hka | gwa ’ö̌ha | da ’ö̌ha | dín ’ö̌hka | gín ’ö̌ha | ín ’ö̌ha | dár ’ö̀hka | gár ’ö̀ha | ar ’ö̀ha | gín ’ö̌hka | gín ’ö̌ha | dín ’ö̌ha | gar ’ö̀hka | gar ’ö̀ha | dar ’ö̀ha | dádí ’ö̌hka | gádí ’ö̌ha | á ’ö̌ha | drádí ’ö̌hka | grádí ’ö̌ha | rá ’ö̌ha | dádí ’ö̌hka | dádí ’ö̌ha | dá ’ö̌ha | dádí ’ö̌hka | gádí ’ö̌ha | gá ’ö̌ha | dradi ’ö̌hka | gradi ’ö̌ha | ga ’ö̌ha | dádí ’ö̌hka | dádí ’ö̌ha | ká ’ö̌ha | dí ’ö̀hka | gí ’ö̀ha | bí ’ö̀ha |
| sleep | stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| walk | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xtagi | gi-di | gi-di | di | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | du | gu | bu | gu | gu | du | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | ga | a | dra | gra | ra | da | da | da | da | ga | ga | dra | gra | ga | da | da | ka | di | gi | bi |
| walk | prefix 2 | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | n | n | n | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| walk | lexeme | dídí ’yǒga | gídí ’yǒ | bi ntx’ǒ | drá ’yǒga | grá ’yǒ | ra ’yǒ | dán ’yòga | gán ’yò | an ’yò | xtá ’yǒga | xtágí ’yǒ | xtagi ntx’ǒ | gidi ’yǒga | gidi ’yǒ | di ntx’ǒ | gra ’yǒga | gra ’yǒ | dra ’yǒ | gan ’yòga | gan ’yò | dan ’yò | dú ’yǒga | gú ’yǒ | bú ’yǒ | gu ’yǒga | gu ’yǒ | du ’yǒ | dá ’yǒga | gwá ’yǒ | ba ’yǒ | gwa ’yǒga | gwa ’yǒ | da ’yǒ | dín ’yǒga | gín ’yǒ | ín ’yǒ | dár ’yòga | gár ’yò | ar ’yò | gín ’yǒga | gín ’yǒ | dín ’yǒ | gar ’yòga | gar ’yò | dar ’yò | dádí ’yǒga | gádí ’yǒ | á ’yǒ | drádí ’yǒga | grádí ’yǒ | rá ’yǒ | dádí ’yǒga | dádí ’yǒ | dá ’yǒ | dádí ’yǒga | gádí ’yǒ | gá ’yǒ | dradi ’yǒga | gradi ’yǒ | ga ’yǒ | dádí ’yǒga | dádí ’yǒ | ká ’yǒ | dí ’yòga | gí ’yò | bí ’yò |
| walk | stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #nasal stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
| work | prefix 1 | di | gi | bi | dra | gra | ra | da | ga | a | xta | xtagi | xtagi | gi-di | gi-di | di | gra | gra | dra | ga | ga | da | di | gwi | bi | gwi | gwi | di | da | g‹w›a | ba | g‹w›a | g‹w›a | da | din | gin | in | dar | gar | ar | gin | gin | din | gar | gar | dar | da | gi | i | dra | gri | ri | da | di | di | da | gi | gi | dra | grụ | gi | da | di | ki | di | gi | bi |
| work | prefix 2 | zero | zero | zero | di | di | di | di | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | di | di | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | di | di | di | di | zero | zero | zero | di | di | di | zero | zero | zero | di | di | di | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | di | di | di |
| work | lexeme | dí pẹ̀hka | gí pẹ̀ha | bi pẹ̀ha | drádí pẹ̀hka | grádí pẹ̀ha | radi pẹ̀ha | dádí pẹ̀hka | gádí pẹ̀ha | adi pẹ̀ha | xtá pẹ̀hka | xtágí pẹ̀ha | xtagi pẹ̀ha | gidi pẹ̀hka | gidi pẹ̀ha | di pẹ̀ha | gradi pẹ̀hka | gradi pẹ̀ha | dradi pẹ̀ha | gadi pẹ̀hka | gadi pẹ̀ha | dadi pẹ̀ha | dí pẹ̀hka | gwí pẹ̀ha | bí pẹ̀ha | gwí pẹ̀hka | gwí pẹ̀ha | dí pẹ̀ha | dádí pẹ̀hka | gwádí pẹ̀ha | badi pẹ̀ha | gwadi pẹ̀hka | gwadi pẹ̀ha | dadi pẹ̀ha | dín pẹ̀hka | gín pẹ̀ha | ín pẹ̀ha | dárdí pẹ̀hka | gárdí pẹ̀ha | ardi pẹ̀ha | gín pẹ̀hka | gín pẹ̀ha | dín pẹ̀ha | gardi pẹ̀hka | gardi pẹ̀ha | dardi pẹ̀ha | dá pẹ̀hka | gí pẹ̀ha | í pẹ̀ha | drá pẹ̀hka | grí pẹ̀ha | rí pẹ̀ha | dá pẹ̀hka | dí pẹ̀ha | dí pẹ̀ha | dá pẹ̀hka | gí pẹ̀ha | gí pẹ̀ha | dra pẹ̀hka | grụ pẹ̀ha | gi pẹ̀ha | dá pẹ̀hka | dí pẹ̀ha | kí pẹ̀ha | dídí pẹ̀hka | gídí pẹ̀ha | bídí pẹ̀ha |
| work | stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem | #stem |
Acazulco Otomí notes
- Verbs in Acazulco Otomí inflect for TAM values and for person of the subject in part by proclitics. The example paradigm of the verb nü¹ 'see' includes three aspects (incompletive, habitual and completive) organized into two moods (realis and irrealis). In the database these are treated as if they were prefixes (in turn divided into two components).
- The 1st person almost always receives the 1st person enclitic =ga/=ka, not shown in the database. Enclitic narjers are possible for other persons as well, but are not obligatory. Enclitics serve to disambiguate the subject in forms where the TAM proclitic is the same for both 1st and 2nd person.
Orthographic notes
| IPA notation | Source notation |
| NASALITY | ¨ (diaeresis) |
| ɨ | ụ (dot below) |
| ɘ | ọ (dot below) |
| ɛ | ẹ (dot below) |
| ɔ | ạ |
| EJECTIVE | ’ |
| ʃ | x |
| tʃ | tx |
| j | y |
References
Feist, Timothy & Enrique L. Palancar. 2015. The Oto-Manguean Inflectional Class Database. University of Surrey. [DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.15126/SMG.28/1]
Hernández-Green, Néstor. 2015. Morfosintaxis del otomí de Acazulco. Unpublished PhD Dissertation for the degree of Doctor in Indoamerican Linguistics, CIESAS, Mexico.
Hernández-Green, Néstor (ed.). 2014. Gramática del yühü (otomí de San Jerónimo Acazulco). CDI -- Organización Civil Ndöngü.
Hernández-Green, Néstor. Forthcoming. Inflectional verb classes in Acazulco Otomi, in Enrique L. Palancar, Matthew. Baerman & Timothy Feist (eds.), Inflection and complexity: The conjugation classes of the Oto-Manguean languages of Mexico.