Sora
Verbs table
| gloss | layer | 1 sg npst | 2 sg npst | 3 sg npst | 1incl pl npst | 1 pl npst | 2 pl npst | 3 pl npst |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| speak | lexeme | bertenay | berten | berten | bertenbe | əbertenay | əberten | bertenji |
| speak | prefix | zero | zero | zero | zero | ə | ə | zero |
| speak | suffix 1 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n |
| speak | suffix 2 | ay | zero | zero | be | ay | zero | ji |
| shave oneself | lexeme | kuŋtenay | kuŋten | kuŋten | kuŋtenbe | əkuŋtenay | əkuŋten | kuŋtenji |
| shave oneself | prefix | zero | zero | zero | zero | ə | ə | zero |
| shave oneself | suffix 1 | n | n | n | n | n | n | n |
| shave oneself | suffix 2 | ay | zero | zero | be | ay | zero | ji |
| shave (someone) | lexeme | kuŋtay | kuŋtɛ | kuŋtɛ | kuŋtəbe | əkuŋtay | əkuŋtɛ | kuŋtɛji |
| shave (someone) | prefix | zero | zero | zero | zero | ə | ə | zero |
| shave (someone) | suffix 1 | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero | zero |
| shave (someone) | suffix 2 | ay | zero | zero | be | ay | zero | ji |
| call | lexeme | gutay | gutɛ | gutɛ | gutəbe | əgutay | əgutɛ | gutɛji |
| call | prefix | zero | zero | zero | zero | ə | ə | zero |
| call | suffix 1 | gu | gu | gu | gu | gu | gu | gu |
| call | suffix 2 | ay | zero | zero | be | ay | zero | ji |
Sora notes
- The paradigms here are based on those given by Stump (2007), who in cites Biligiri (1965) and Ramamurti (1931) as sources. The forms shown are in the affirmative present (with suffix -te or -tɛ), other TAM values have the same structure.
- Stump (2007) makes the point that while some verb roots undergo an alternation between transitive and detransitivized forms (with suffix -n), with the detransitivized forms having a reflexive interpretation, other verbs are fixed to one or the other form, without it necessarily being obvious from the semantics why this should be so.
References
Anderson, Gregory D. S. 2007. The Munda Verb: Typological Perspectives (Trends in Linguistics. Studies and Monographs 174). Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Biligiri, Hemmige Shriniwasarangachar. 1965. The Sora verb: a restricted study. In G. B. Milner & Eugénie J. A. Henderson (eds), Indo-Pacific Studies, Part II: Descriptive Linguistics [Lingua 15], pp. 231-250. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Ramamurti, G. V. 1931. A Manual of the So:ra: (or Savara) Language, Madras: Government Press.
Stump, Gregory. 2007. A non-canonical pattern of deponency and its implications. In M. Baerman, G. Corbett, D. Brown, & A. Hippisley (eds), Deponency and Morphological Mismatches, pp. 71-95. Oxford University Press.