Tillamook
Verbs trans table
| gloss | layer | 1sg>3 | 2sg>3 | 3>3 | RCP | 1pl>3 | 2pl>3 | 1sg>2sg | 3>2sg | 1pl>2sg | 2sg>1sg | 3>1sg | 2pl>1sg | 1sg>2pl | 3>2pl | 1pl>2pl | 2sg>1pl | 3>1pl | 2pl>1pl |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| leave | lexeme | cwíni | cwínš | cwitə́gʷəl | cwínyəɬ | cwinyálə | cwincə́y | cwíncyəɬ | cwincyálə | cwitíwɬ | cwitiw’íɬyəɬ | cwitíwɬ | cwitiwiɬyálə | ||||||
| leave | suffix 1 | zero | zero | zero | əgʷəl | zero | zero | cə | cə | cə | c | c | c | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬyaləh |
| leave | suffix 2 | i | əš | zero | zero | yəɬ | yálə | i | zero | yəɬ | š | zero | yaləh | i | zero | yəɬ | š | zero | iwiɬyaləh |
| see | lexeme | cyəhísi | cyehísš | cyə́s | cyehísyəɬ | cyehísyál’ə | cyehsiw’ə́y | cyehsíw’s | cyehsw’ə́y’əɬ | cyehsíw’ə́šš | cyehsíwš | cyehsíw’əšyál’ə | cyehsiw’íɬi | cyehsíw’ɬ | c yehsiwíɬš | cyehsíw’ɬ | cyəhsiwiɬyálə | ||
| see | suffix 1 | zero | zero | zero | gʷəl | zero | zero | wə | wə | wə | wəš | wəš | wəš | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ | iwiɬ |
| see | suffix 2 | i | əš | zero | zero | yəɬ | yáləh | i | s | yəɬ | š | zero | yálə | i | zero | yəɬ | š | zero | yaləh |
Tillamook notes
- The paradigms here are taken from Egesdal & Thompson (1998), who out of necessity provide composite paradigms (e.g. mixing aspect and tense); what is shown here are only the basic perfective forms.
- The two verb classes differ in their marking of 1st and 2nd person singular objects, roughly cə ('leave' type) versus wə ('see' type). Kiyosawa (2004), from a pan-Salish perspective, suggests that the 'see' type suffixes are used for 'the goal or benefactive objects of applicatives, or the causee in causative constructions'. Whether the two classes can in Tillamook can be seen as functionally motivated is another question. The list of verbs provided by Edel (1939: 31) suggests that there is no transparent functional or semantic predictability.
References
Egesdal, Steven M., and M. Terry Thompson. 1998. A fresh look at Tillamook (Hutéyu) inflectional morphology, in Ewa Czaykowska-Higgins and M. Dale Kinkade (eds), Salish Languages and Linguistics: Theoretical and descriptive perspectives, pp. 235--273. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Edel, Mary M. The Tillamook Language. 1939. International Journal of American Linguistics 10/1. 1-57.
Kiyosawa, Kaoru. 2004. On the Two Salish Object Agreement Suffixes. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society. Online: http://elanguage.net/journals/bls/issue/view/156.